WEATHER NOVEMBER 11 2015 FULL

The timeline starts at local sunrise, determined using radiation measurements at ES-5 (located about 2000 m on the ordinate in this plot).

DTS spanned a 2-km transect between towers ES-2 and ES-5. Near-surface (0.5 m AGL) temperature measurements by DTS installed on the east slope of Granite Mountain on (IOP 5). The arrows indicate recurring surface flow patterns in the afternoon boundary layer around Granite Mountain. (a) Analyzed and (b) 14-h WRF 4DWX forecast of 10-m wind speeds at DPG depicted using a color scale (shown below, m s −1) and wind barbs (full and half barb denote 5 and 2.5 m s −1, respectively) at 2200 UTC, during IOP8.Įxample of TODWL data obtained,, during IOP 5, in the afternoon at 3000 m MSL representing (a) upper-level flow at 1750 m MSL, (b) near-surface flow, and (c) 300-m-resolution simulations of near-surface flow for the same time (1700 MDT) using WRF. Salient instruments at DPG: (a) ES-1 (b) ES-2 (c) ES-3 (d) ES-4 (e) ES-5 (f) tethered-balloon soundings (g) radiosondes (h) HOBO weather stations (i) dividing streamline smoke release located on the northwest side of Granite Mountain (j) LEMS weather stations (k) 3D hot-film combo probe (l) Krypton hygrometer (m) radiation balance observations at IOS-Playa (n) radiation balance observations at IOS-Sagebrush (o) net radiometer as the tower-mounted component of the energy budget (p) ceilometers (q) distributed temperature sensing system (DTS) (r) infrared gas analyzers (s) fine-wire thermocouples coupled with 3D sonic anemometers (t) flux Richardson number hot-wire probe for near-ground measurements (u) FLIR IR camera (v) high-resolution near-surface thermal-image velocimetry (w) microwave radiometer profiler (x) Flamingo UAV (y) scanning lidars (z) RF polarimetric crosshairs surface moisture probes (aa) array of fine-wire thermocouples, enhanced resolution near the ground (ab) DataHawk UAV (ac) SoDAR/RASS (ad) Twin Otter with wind lidar (TODWL) (ae) mini-SoDARs and (af) frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar (FM-CW) radar.

Only the additional instruments deployed (or relocated) for the spring experiment are shown under the “spring” column (courtesy of Dott.

WEATHER NOVEMBER 11 2015 FULL

Insets provide details of IOSs as well as the full experimental domain (bottom-left inset). Instrument placement during fall and spring campaigns. GMAST core instrumentation: (a) SAMS/mini-Sams, (b) PWIDs, (c) vane anemometer, and (d) HMP45 temperature–relative humidity probe in radiation shield. Shown in the inset are the control center (red arrow) and Ditto meteorological building (circled) of GMAST. An arbitrary direction has been used for illustration of synoptic effects (which typically varies from northwest to north to northeast in DPG). Blue arrows represent nocturnal flows red arrows represent daytime flows. The spatial and the elevation (shading) scales are shown below. Physical processes in complex terrain, illustrated on a topographic map of the DPG domain.

Weather november 11 2015